10th class Biology, Chapter 4: Human Urinary System MCQs

1. The process of regulating the amount of water in body fluid is called:

1. (A) Filtration
2. (B) Reabsorption
3. (C) Tubular secretion
4. (D) Osmoregulation ✓

2. What happens in the proximal convoluted tubule of nephron?

1. (A) Blood is filtered by glomerulus
2. (B) Reabsorption of water and nutrients occurs ✓
3. (C) Urine is stored
4. (D) Water is secreted into the bloodstream

3. Which structure is responsible for filtering blood to produce urine?

1. (A) Nephron ✓
2. (B) Renal pelvis
3. (C) Ureter
4. (D) Renal capsule

4. Which structure in nephron is responsible for filtering blood?

1. (A) Loop of Henle
2. (B) Glomerulus ✓
3. (C) Proximal convoluted tubule
4. (D) Distal convoluted tubule

5. In which part of nephron, the reabsorption of nutrients occurs?

1. (A) Glomerulus
2. (B) Proximal convoluted tubule ✓
3. (C) Loop of Henle
4. (D) Distal convoluted tubule

6. Which process in nephron involves the active transport of materials from blood into nephron?

1. (A) Filtration
2. (B) Reabsorption
3. (C) Secretion ✓
4. (D) Excretion

7. Which is NOT present in the filtrate entering the Bowman's capsule of nephron?

1. (A) Water
2. (B) Calcium ions
3. (C) Blood cells ✓
4. (D) Urea

8. In which procedure a machine is used to filter blood outside the body?

1. (A) Peritoneal dialysis
2. (B) Haemodialysis ✓
3. (C) Lithotripsy
4. (D) Renal surgery

9. What is the primary purpose of haemodialysis?

1. (A) To rehydrate the body
2. (B) To replace lost nutrients
3. (C) To filter waste products from blood ✓
4. (D) To regulate blood pressure

10. In peritoneal dialysis, what acts as the filtering membrane?

1. (A) Dialysis machine
2. (B) Renal cortex
3. (C) Peritoneal membrane ✓
4. (D) Renal tubules

11. Ureter leaves the kidney through:

1. (A) collecting duct
2. (B) hilus ✓
3. (C) pelvis
4. (D) papillary duct

12. Tubular secretion is a/an:

1. (A) passive transport
2. (B) active transport ✓
3. (C) diffusion
4. (D) osmosis

13. The tube that carries urine from the kidney to the urinary bladder is the:

1. (A) urethra
2. (B) renal vein
3. (C) collecting duct
4. (D) ureter ✓

14. Each kidney is about:

1. (A) 25 cm long, 10 cm wide and 5 cm thick
2. (B) 4 cm long, 2 cm wide and 1 cm thick
3. (C) 15 cm long, 12 cm wide and 8 cm thick
4. (D) 10 cm long, 5 cm wide and 4 cm thick ✓

15. The tough tissue that surrounds the kidney is the:

1. (A) renal pelvis
2. (B) peritoneal membrane
3. (C) renal capsule ✓
4. (D) Bowman's capsule

16. Cone-shaped areas in the renal medulla are called:

1. (A) glomeruli
2. (B) renal capsules
3. (C) renal pyramids ✓
4. (D) nephrons

17. The number of nephrons in each kidney is:

1. (A) about ten thousand
2. (B) more than one million ✓
3. (C) about one thousand
4. (D) about one hundred

18. The cup-shaped structure around the glomerulus is the:

1. (A) renal pelvis
2. (B) collecting duct
3. (C) Bowman's capsule ✓
4. (D) loop of Henle

19. The U-shaped middle part of the renal tubule is the:

1. (A) collecting duct
2. (B) loop of Henle ✓
3. (C) proximal convoluted tubule
4. (D) distal convoluted tubule

20. Glomerular filtrate is about what percentage of the blood plasma entering the glomerulus?

1. (A) 20% ✓
2. (B) 50%
3. (C) 80%
4. (D) 100%