10th class Biology, Chapter 7: Inheritance MCQs

1. Chromosomes of eukaryotes are made of:

1. (A) Lipids and proteins
2. (B) Lipids and DNA
3. (C) RNA and proteins
4. (D) DNA and proteins ✓

2. What is the relationship between a gene and an allele?

1. (A) Alleles are alternative forms of a gene ✓
2. (B) Genes are alternative forms of an allele
3. (C) Genes mask the effects of genes
4. (D) Alleles and genes are unrelated

3. Which molecule is formed during transcription?

1. (A) DNA
2. (B) Protein
3. (C) mRNA ✓
4. (D) Ribosome

4. The central dogma of molecular biology is best represented by:

1. (A) DNA + RNA = Protein
2. (B) DNA → RNA + Protein
3. (C) DNA → RNA → Protein ✓
4. (D) Protein → RNA → DNA

5. What happens during transcription?

1. (A) A new polypeptide is created
2. (B) RNA is scanned by a ribosome.
3. (C) A new copy of DNA is produced
4. (D) A copy of RNA is made ✓

6. What is the role of DNA in protein synthesis?

1. (A) Produces amino acids
2. (B) Provides the template for mRNA formation ✓
3. (C) Transports proteins
4. (D) Stores proteins

7. The allele that is expressed, when two separate alleles are inherited:

1. (A) Dominant ✓
2. (B) Recessive
3. (C) Homozygous
4. (D) Heterozygous

8. Which of these is a reason why pea plants were suitable for Mendel's experiments?

1. (A) Long life cycle
2. (B) Easy to cross-pollinate ✓
3. (C) Few seeds produced per plant
4. (D) No variation in traits

9. What does Mendel's Law of Segregation state?

1. (A) Genes are linked together
2. (B) Each allele separates during gamete formation ✓
3. (C) Dominant traits appear in all generations
4. (D) Alleles blend together

10. In peas, allele for purple flower (P) is dominant over the allele for white flower (p). If a white flower is crossed with a heterozygous purple flower (Pp), what will be the ratio of offspring?

1. (A) 100% purple
2. (B) 75% purple & 25% white
3. (C) 50% purple & 50% white ✓
4. (D) 100% white

11. If transcription is blocked, what will NOT form?

1. (A) DNA
2. (B) mRNA ✓
3. (C) Amino acids
4. (D) Ribosome

12. The process by which characteristics are transferred from parents to offspring is called:

1. (A) inheritance ✓
2. (B) variation
3. (C) evolution
4. (D) mutation

13. The special proteins of chromatin around which DNA is wrapped are:

1. (A) antibodies
2. (B) hormones
3. (C) histones ✓
4. (D) enzymes

14. The two chromatids of a chromosome are attached at the:

1. (A) centromere ✓
2. (B) locus
3. (C) nucleolus
4. (D) ribosome

15. Prokaryotes have:

1. (A) no DNA
2. (B) one circular chromosome ✓
3. (C) many linear chromosomes
4. (D) chromosomes inside a nucleus

16. Which nitrogenous base is present in RNA but not in DNA?

1. (A) Adenine
2. (B) Guanine
3. (C) Uracil ✓
4. (D) Thymine

17. In DNA, adenine pairs with:

1. (A) uracil
2. (B) thymine ✓
3. (C) guanine
4. (D) cytosine

18. The sugar present in RNA nucleotides is:

1. (A) deoxyribose
2. (B) glucose
3. (C) maltose
4. (D) ribose ✓

19. Joining of amino acids by a ribosome according to the information on mRNA is called:

1. (A) mutation
2. (B) translation ✓
3. (C) transcription
4. (D) replication

20. The positions of genes on chromosomes are called:

1. (A) alleles
2. (B) chromatids
3. (C) centromeres
4. (D) loci ✓