10th class Biology, Chapter 10: Evolution MCQs

1. The survival and reproduction of individuals with advantageous traits is called:

1. (A) Mutations
2. (B) Gene flow
3. (C) Natural selection ✓
4. (D) Asexual reproduction

2. A population is split by a river. After many generations, both population evolve into different species. What type of speciation may occur?

1. (A) Sympatric
2. (B) Genetic drift
3. (C) Mutation
4. (D) Allopatric ✓

3. Which characteristics in whales supports that their ancestors lived on land?

1. (A) Big body
2. (B) Fins
3. (C) Pelvic bones ✓
4. (D) Stream-lined body

4. Farmers choose best cows to breed. It is an example of:

1. (A) Natural selection
2. (B) Selective breeding ✓
3. (C) Adaptation
4. (D) Genetic mutation

5. Darwin's observation of finches proved that:

1. (A) Climate was same on all islands
2. (B) All finches were identical
3. (C) They adapted to different foods on different islands ✓
4. (D) Finches never migrated

6. A new variation appears suddenly and helps survival. What happens next?

1. (A) It disappears
2. (B) It spreads through population ✓
3. (C) It causes disease
4. (D) It's removed by natural selection

7. Which of these is a vestigial structure?

1. (A) Human ear muscles ✓
2. (B) Wings of Sparrow
3. (C) Beak of duck
4. (D) Tail of cat

8. Which pair are homologous structures?

1. (A) Bird wings and butterfly wings
2. (B) Dolphin fins and shark fins
3. (C) Human arms and dolphin fins ✓
4. (D) Bat wings and bird wings

9. Human appendix is a vestigial organ because it:

1. (A) Has a major digestive function
2. (B) Is part of the immune system
3. (C) Is no longer useful for digestion ✓
4. (D) Helps in absorbing nutrients

10. Artificial selection is similar to natural selection because:

1. (A) Environmental conditions play role in both
2. (B) Both occur over millions of years
3. (C) Both are carried out by humans
4. (D) Both depend upon variations among individuals ✓

11. What does "fittest" mean in evolution?

1. (A) Strongest
2. (B) Largest
3. (C) Fastest
4. (D) Best suited ✓

12. In allopatric speciation, the main factor preventing gene flow is:

1. (A) physical barrier ✓
2. (B) climate
3. (C) predation
4. (D) competition

13. Darwin made his five-year voyage around the world on the ship:

1. (A) HMS Beagle ✓
2. (B) Titanic
3. (C) Mayflower
4. (D) Endeavour

14. Darwin published "On the Origin of Species" in:

1. (A) 1809
2. (B) 1882
3. (C) 1953
4. (D) 1859 ✓

15. Darwin studied the different beaks of finches on the:

1. (A) Galapagos Islands ✓
2. (B) British Isles
3. (C) Mauritius
4. (D) Tasmania

16. Special variations in an organism's body or behaviour that help it survive in its environment are called:

1. (A) mutations
2. (B) fossils
3. (C) species
4. (D) adaptations ✓

17. In the peppered moth example, dark-coloured moths survived better because:

1. (A) pollution darkened the tree bark ✓
2. (B) they were stronger
3. (C) they flew faster
4. (D) birds liked light moths less

18. Competition among living things for limited food, water and space is called:

1. (A) gene flow
2. (B) speciation
3. (C) struggle for survival ✓
4. (D) survival of the fittest

19. A group of organisms that can interbreed and produce fertile offspring under natural conditions is a:

1. (A) genus
2. (B) species ✓
3. (C) population of different kinds
4. (D) breed

20. Lions and tigers are:

1. (A) breeds of one species
2. (B) distinct species ✓
3. (C) the same species
4. (D) homologous structures